How to Remove Virus in Pendrive with Nero

you can now easily remove virus through Nero CD burner,

please follow these instructions..........................

1.insert your external drive(pocket hard drive,pen drive etc ..)
2.without opening the drive start Nero
3.select "make data CD" in Nero software
4.select "add" button and explore the pen drive drive letter(for ex:say i: )
5.now you can see all the virus files and hidden files on the drive
6.directly delete the files using delete key
7.after deleting make sure to empty your recycle bin

How to Remove Virus in Pendrive with Nero

you can now easily remove virus through Nero CD burner,

please follow these instructions..........................

1.insert your external drive(pocket hard drive,pen drive etc ..)
2.without opening the drive start Nero
3.select "make data CD" in Nero software
4.select "add" button and explore the pen drive drive letter(for ex:say i: )
5.now you can see all the virus files and hidden files on the drive
6.directly delete the files using delete key
7.after deleting make sure to empty your recycle bin

a small collection of BIOS entry key combos

a small collection of BIOS entry key combos:

Acer - CTL ALT ESC

AMI BIOS - DEL, F1 or F2

AST, Advantage, Award, Tandon - CTL ALT ESC

Award BIOS - DEL or CTL ALT ESC

Compaq - F10

DELL - F1 or DEL or CTL ALT ENTER

DTK BIOS - Esc

Gateway 2000 - F1

Hewlett Packard - F1

IBM
Older Models - In order to get into the configuration of the IBM setup screen CMOS screen you need to hold down both mouse buttons during bootup.
Aptiva - F1
PS/2 - CTL ALT INS after CTL ALT DEL
PS/2 with reference partition - INS

NEC - F2

Olivetti PC Pro - SHIFT CTL ALT Numpad DEL

Packard Bell - F1 or F2

Phoenix BIOS F1 or F2, or CTL ALT ESC or CTL ALT S or CTL S or CTL ALT INS

Sharp Laptop 9020 - F2

Sony - F3 at switchon, then F2 or F1

Tandon - CTL SHIFT ESC

Toshiba - ESC at switchon

Zenith - CTL ALT INS

Miscellaneous - CTL ESC or CTL ALT +

a small collection of BIOS entry key combos

a small collection of BIOS entry key combos:

Acer - CTL ALT ESC

AMI BIOS - DEL, F1 or F2

AST, Advantage, Award, Tandon - CTL ALT ESC

Award BIOS - DEL or CTL ALT ESC

Compaq - F10

DELL - F1 or DEL or CTL ALT ENTER

DTK BIOS - Esc

Gateway 2000 - F1

Hewlett Packard - F1

IBM
Older Models - In order to get into the configuration of the IBM setup screen CMOS screen you need to hold down both mouse buttons during bootup.
Aptiva - F1
PS/2 - CTL ALT INS after CTL ALT DEL
PS/2 with reference partition - INS

NEC - F2

Olivetti PC Pro - SHIFT CTL ALT Numpad DEL

Packard Bell - F1 or F2

Phoenix BIOS F1 or F2, or CTL ALT ESC or CTL ALT S or CTL S or CTL ALT INS

Sharp Laptop 9020 - F2

Sony - F3 at switchon, then F2 or F1

Tandon - CTL SHIFT ESC

Toshiba - ESC at switchon

Zenith - CTL ALT INS

Miscellaneous - CTL ESC or CTL ALT +

To Delete An "undeletable" File

Open a Command Prompt window and leave it open.
Close all open programs.
Click Start, Run and enter TASKMGR.EXE
Go to the Processes tab and End Process on Explorer.exe.
Leave Task Manager open.
Go back to the Command Prompt window and change to the directory the AVI (or other undeletable file) is located in.
At the command prompt type DEL where is the file you wish to delete.
Go back to Task Manager, click File, New Task and enter EXPLORER.EXE to restart the GUI shell.
Close Task Manager.


Or you can try this

Open Notepad.exe

Click File>Save As..>

locate the folder where ur undeletable file is

Choose 'All files' from the file type box

click once on the file u wanna delete so its name appears in the 'filename' box

put a " at the start and end of the filename
(the filename should have the extension of the undeletable file so it will overwrite it)

click save,

It should ask u to overwrite the existing file, choose yes and u can delete it as normal


Here's a manual way of doing it. I'll take this off once you put into your first post zain.

1. Start
2. Run
3. Type: command
4. To move into a directory type: cd c:*** (The stars stand for your folder)
5. If you cannot access the folder because it has spaces for example Program Files or Kazaa Lite folder you have to do the following. instead of typing in the full folder name only take the first 6 letters then put a ~ and then 1 without spaces. Example: cd c:progra~1kazaal~1
6. Once your in the folder the non-deletable file it in type in dir - a list will come up with everything inside.
7. Now to delete the file type in del ***.bmp, txt, jpg, avi, etc... And if the file name has spaces you would use the special 1st 6 letters followed by a ~ and a 1 rule. Example: if your file name was bad file.bmp you would type once in the specific folder thorugh command, del badfil~1.bmp and your file should be gone. Make sure to type in the correct extension.

To Delete An "undeletable" File

Open a Command Prompt window and leave it open.
Close all open programs.
Click Start, Run and enter TASKMGR.EXE
Go to the Processes tab and End Process on Explorer.exe.
Leave Task Manager open.
Go back to the Command Prompt window and change to the directory the AVI (or other undeletable file) is located in.
At the command prompt type DEL where is the file you wish to delete.
Go back to Task Manager, click File, New Task and enter EXPLORER.EXE to restart the GUI shell.
Close Task Manager.


Or you can try this

Open Notepad.exe

Click File>Save As..>

locate the folder where ur undeletable file is

Choose 'All files' from the file type box

click once on the file u wanna delete so its name appears in the 'filename' box

put a " at the start and end of the filename
(the filename should have the extension of the undeletable file so it will overwrite it)

click save,

It should ask u to overwrite the existing file, choose yes and u can delete it as normal


Here's a manual way of doing it. I'll take this off once you put into your first post zain.

1. Start
2. Run
3. Type: command
4. To move into a directory type: cd c:*** (The stars stand for your folder)
5. If you cannot access the folder because it has spaces for example Program Files or Kazaa Lite folder you have to do the following. instead of typing in the full folder name only take the first 6 letters then put a ~ and then 1 without spaces. Example: cd c:progra~1kazaal~1
6. Once your in the folder the non-deletable file it in type in dir - a list will come up with everything inside.
7. Now to delete the file type in del ***.bmp, txt, jpg, avi, etc... And if the file name has spaces you would use the special 1st 6 letters followed by a ~ and a 1 rule. Example: if your file name was bad file.bmp you would type once in the specific folder thorugh command, del badfil~1.bmp and your file should be gone. Make sure to type in the correct extension.

Windows Registry Structure And Function

You can view the structure of the Windows Registry when you open it up with a Registry Editor utility like REGEDIT.EXE or REGEDT32.EXE.

If you've never opened the Registry before, you might be surprised and comforted by its familiar-looking layout. Its hierarchical data structure is much like the data structure you see everyday in Windows Explorer, except here the tree structure units are keys, subkeys, and values rather than directories, subdirectories, and files. But any intuitive understanding of the Registry's content (for most people) ends right here, because the registry was designed more for the operating system and installed applications than for humans.

The Registry's hierarchical data structure and central location allow Windows and hosted applications to quickly locate their configuration settings and default parameters, but these parameters have values in the Registry that are different from their internally-defined values used by the applications themselves. This can make altering application settings from within the Registry a grueling and tedious task, and this is why most changes to Registry data are more easily (and more safely) made by changing settings from within individual applications or system utilities.

A Closer Look at Registry Structure

The primary divisions of the Windows Registry are seen a list of 4-6 expandable folders, called root keys or subtrees, in the left pane of the Registry Editor window. These can be expanded to show the keys and subkeys, and these can be expanded in turn to show further subkeys below or their value entries listed on the right pane in Registry Editor. The Registry subtrees and a description of their contents are as follows:

* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE (HKLM): This root key (or subtree) contains configuration data specific to the local computer, including its hardware devices and operating system components. The information contained within HKLM is independent of the current user and applications or processes in use.

* HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT (HKCR): This root key contains the file-class, OLE, and COM object data. The keys, subkeys, and data within this subtree are linked to (and identical to) those contained in the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESoftwareClasses subtree.

* HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG (HKCC): This root key is added to make current versions of Windows compatible with older Windows 95 applications. It is derived from HKLMSystemCurrentControlSetHardwareProfilesCurrent and contains configuration settings for all currently active hardware.

* HKEY_CURRENT_USER (HKCU): This root key contains profile information for the user currently logged in. Each time a user logs on, HKCU is rebuilt with that user's profile data from HKEY_USERS.

* HKEY_USERS (HKU): This root key contains the default profile and the profiles of all users who have logged onto the computer.

* HKEY_DYN_DATA (HKDD): This root key is found only on Windows 95/98/ME. It is linked to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE and contains information about Plug and Play hardware components. HKDD , for use with the Plug-&-Play features of Windows, this section will change as devices are added and removed from the system.

The "HKEY_" at the beginning of each root key's name indicates that the key is a unique identifier (or handle) that programs can use to access resources. Each of these root keys branches out, first into keys and then further into subkeys. At the end of these branches of keys and subkeys lay the Registry data, or value entries, corresponding to the data stored in the hive files.

The Windows Registry can store several different value types, but the most common that you will see are binary, strings (text for humans), and DWORD (Boolean) values.

Registry Hives

Much of the information contained in the Registry is stored on the computer's hard drive as a set of binary data files aptly named "hives". The hives are permanent Registry components, serving as both supporting files from which Windows retrieves Registry data during system startup, and as backup files that the Registry writes to each time its supporting data is altered or changed through a process called flushing. Flushes are automatic and occur within a few seconds after changes are made to the Registry.

Visit Windows Registry Repair for more information.The Windows Registry is a complicated way of storing information and can make or break your windows operating system.

Windows Registry Structure And Function

You can view the structure of the Windows Registry when you open it up with a Registry Editor utility like REGEDIT.EXE or REGEDT32.EXE.

If you've never opened the Registry before, you might be surprised and comforted by its familiar-looking layout. Its hierarchical data structure is much like the data structure you see everyday in Windows Explorer, except here the tree structure units are keys, subkeys, and values rather than directories, subdirectories, and files. But any intuitive understanding of the Registry's content (for most people) ends right here, because the registry was designed more for the operating system and installed applications than for humans.

The Registry's hierarchical data structure and central location allow Windows and hosted applications to quickly locate their configuration settings and default parameters, but these parameters have values in the Registry that are different from their internally-defined values used by the applications themselves. This can make altering application settings from within the Registry a grueling and tedious task, and this is why most changes to Registry data are more easily (and more safely) made by changing settings from within individual applications or system utilities.

A Closer Look at Registry Structure

The primary divisions of the Windows Registry are seen a list of 4-6 expandable folders, called root keys or subtrees, in the left pane of the Registry Editor window. These can be expanded to show the keys and subkeys, and these can be expanded in turn to show further subkeys below or their value entries listed on the right pane in Registry Editor. The Registry subtrees and a description of their contents are as follows:

* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE (HKLM): This root key (or subtree) contains configuration data specific to the local computer, including its hardware devices and operating system components. The information contained within HKLM is independent of the current user and applications or processes in use.

* HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT (HKCR): This root key contains the file-class, OLE, and COM object data. The keys, subkeys, and data within this subtree are linked to (and identical to) those contained in the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESoftwareClasses subtree.

* HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG (HKCC): This root key is added to make current versions of Windows compatible with older Windows 95 applications. It is derived from HKLMSystemCurrentControlSetHardwareProfilesCurrent and contains configuration settings for all currently active hardware.

* HKEY_CURRENT_USER (HKCU): This root key contains profile information for the user currently logged in. Each time a user logs on, HKCU is rebuilt with that user's profile data from HKEY_USERS.

* HKEY_USERS (HKU): This root key contains the default profile and the profiles of all users who have logged onto the computer.

* HKEY_DYN_DATA (HKDD): This root key is found only on Windows 95/98/ME. It is linked to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE and contains information about Plug and Play hardware components. HKDD , for use with the Plug-&-Play features of Windows, this section will change as devices are added and removed from the system.

The "HKEY_" at the beginning of each root key's name indicates that the key is a unique identifier (or handle) that programs can use to access resources. Each of these root keys branches out, first into keys and then further into subkeys. At the end of these branches of keys and subkeys lay the Registry data, or value entries, corresponding to the data stored in the hive files.

The Windows Registry can store several different value types, but the most common that you will see are binary, strings (text for humans), and DWORD (Boolean) values.

Registry Hives

Much of the information contained in the Registry is stored on the computer's hard drive as a set of binary data files aptly named "hives". The hives are permanent Registry components, serving as both supporting files from which Windows retrieves Registry data during system startup, and as backup files that the Registry writes to each time its supporting data is altered or changed through a process called flushing. Flushes are automatic and occur within a few seconds after changes are made to the Registry.

Visit Windows Registry Repair for more information.The Windows Registry is a complicated way of storing information and can make or break your windows operating system.

Computer maintenance tips

With the amount of information available for download on the Internet, it's easy to quickly fill up your valuable hard drive space and turn your computer into a sluggish, unresponsive monster. Keeping your hard drive clean is essential to the high performance that the latest computers can achieve. Fortunately, it's a simple process; one that can easily be performed on a regular basis and, with some organization, keep your computer running like a well-oiled machine.

You can discover how much hard drive space is available on your computer by accessing the DriveSpace program in your System Tools. A pie graph will show you the amount of used and unused space for each of your drives. Check this often to keep an idea of how much space you are using.

There are six simple steps to clearing up your hard drive:

1. Uninstall unused programs.

Many times a new program will come along that looks fun to have or play with, but after a week or two you simply stop using it. These programs clutter up your drive and take up valuable space. You might be tempted to delete these programs from your drive, but doing so will cause problems. You must use the uninstall function of Windows for the program to be removed safely and completely.

2. Clean out temporary files.

When your computer is not shut down properly, it will pass information from memory into fragmented files. Also, while you are running programs, your computer will write information that it does not immediately need into temporary files. Installation files will also expand themselves into the temporary folder and will not always clean up after themselves. You can delete these temporary files safely by using the Disk Cleanup option in your System Tools.

3. Empty your Internet cache.

As you surf the Internet your computer stores web pages and images into a temporary Internet cache so that it can quickly recall and access information when you move back and forth between pages. This backup information can quickly add up and eat hard drive space.

Whether you use Internet Explorer, Netscape, or one of the many other browsers available, emptying out your cache is quick and easy. Simply follow the instructions in the Help files located within those programs. You may also wish to set a specific maximum file size for your cache folder, so that it is not allowed to run rampant.

4. Empty your mail programs of clutter.

It's easy to browse through your email and leave old messages there, promising yourself you'll sort them out later. One or two messages don't take up much space, but hundreds certainly do. Take the time to sort through these old emails now and delete what is not important. Create folders and organize what is left. Make it a habit that when new emails come in, they are either filed immediately or thrown away. Set your email program to empty your deleted items folder each time you close your mail program.

5. Empty your recycle bin.

Once you've emptied your drive of cluttering, unnecessary programs; empty your recycle bin to remove what has been placed there in the process.

6. Scandisk and Defrag.

When Windows installs programs, it will put the files it needs anywhere that it finds free space, and not directly after the last program installed. As a result, your hard drive has patches of empty space on it that are not big enough to fit a full program, and will result in a drive space error if you attempt to install something new. Scandisk your drive to check for lost file fragments and to fix any errors it finds, then Defrag to pack all of the program files together at the beginning of your drive. This will clear out those empty patches and move all of the free space you've just created to the end of your drive.

Now that you've got it clean, keep it that way. Perform this quick maintenance routine every week. For your work computer, Friday afternoon before you leave for the weekend is the perfect time. When you return to work on Monday, you'll have a computer that is clutter-free and as responsive as it should be.

Organize your surfing habits. Direct all of your downloads to the same folder, so that you can easily find them and delete them when necessary, or move them to zip disks for storage. Keep track of the programs that you install. For trial versions, note the date that they will expire on a calendar. This will remind you to uninstall the programs that you can no longer use rather than allowing them to clutter up your drive. Also, if you run into problems, keeping track of new downloaded and installed programs and the date they were installed can help you track down the cause of problems.

Remember that the cleaner your hard drive is, the better your machine will respond! In order for your computer to be user friendly, it must have a friendly user. Be your computer's best friend and clean out the cobwebs regularly.

Hardware Troubleshooting Tips

Hardware Troubleshooting Guide

Troubleshooting Tips for New Monitors

Here is some basic trouble shooting tips for new monitors:


1. The picture does not appear

* Check to make sure the signal cable is firmly connected in the socket.
* Check to see if the computer system's power is ON.
* Check that the Brightness Control is at the appropriate position, not at the minimum.

2. The Screen is not synchronized

* Check to make sure the signal cable is firmly connected in the socket.
* Check that the output level matches the input level of your computer.
* Make sure the signal timing of the computer system is within the specification of the monitor.

3. The position of the screen is not in the center

* Adjust the H-Size, H-Phase or V-Size, V-Center controls.
* Check if the signal timing of the computer system is within the specification of the monitor.

4. The screen is too bright or too dark

* Check if the Brightness or contrast control is at the appropriate position, not at the maximum or minimum.
* Check if the specified voltage is applied
* Check if the signal timing of the computer system is within the specification of the monitor.
* Especially, check the horizontal frequency.

5. The screen is shaking

* Move all objects that emit a magnetic field, such as a motor or transformer, away from the monitor.
* Check if the specified voltage is applied.
* Check if the signal timing of the computer system is within the specification of the monitor.

Hardware Troubleshooting Tips

Hardware Troubleshooting Guide

Troubleshooting Tips for New Monitors

Here is some basic trouble shooting tips for new monitors:


1. The picture does not appear

* Check to make sure the signal cable is firmly connected in the socket.
* Check to see if the computer system's power is ON.
* Check that the Brightness Control is at the appropriate position, not at the minimum.

2. The Screen is not synchronized

* Check to make sure the signal cable is firmly connected in the socket.
* Check that the output level matches the input level of your computer.
* Make sure the signal timing of the computer system is within the specification of the monitor.

3. The position of the screen is not in the center

* Adjust the H-Size, H-Phase or V-Size, V-Center controls.
* Check if the signal timing of the computer system is within the specification of the monitor.

4. The screen is too bright or too dark

* Check if the Brightness or contrast control is at the appropriate position, not at the maximum or minimum.
* Check if the specified voltage is applied
* Check if the signal timing of the computer system is within the specification of the monitor.
* Especially, check the horizontal frequency.

5. The screen is shaking

* Move all objects that emit a magnetic field, such as a motor or transformer, away from the monitor.
* Check if the specified voltage is applied.
* Check if the signal timing of the computer system is within the specification of the monitor.

Computer maintenance tips

With the amount of information available for download on the Internet, it's easy to quickly fill up your valuable hard drive space and turn your computer into a sluggish, unresponsive monster. Keeping your hard drive clean is essential to the high performance that the latest computers can achieve. Fortunately, it's a simple process; one that can easily be performed on a regular basis and, with some organization, keep your computer running like a well-oiled machine.

You can discover how much hard drive space is available on your computer by accessing the DriveSpace program in your System Tools. A pie graph will show you the amount of used and unused space for each of your drives. Check this often to keep an idea of how much space you are using.

There are six simple steps to clearing up your hard drive:

1. Uninstall unused programs.

Many times a new program will come along that looks fun to have or play with, but after a week or two you simply stop using it. These programs clutter up your drive and take up valuable space. You might be tempted to delete these programs from your drive, but doing so will cause problems. You must use the uninstall function of Windows for the program to be removed safely and completely.

2. Clean out temporary files.

When your computer is not shut down properly, it will pass information from memory into fragmented files. Also, while you are running programs, your computer will write information that it does not immediately need into temporary files. Installation files will also expand themselves into the temporary folder and will not always clean up after themselves. You can delete these temporary files safely by using the Disk Cleanup option in your System Tools.

3. Empty your Internet cache.

As you surf the Internet your computer stores web pages and images into a temporary Internet cache so that it can quickly recall and access information when you move back and forth between pages. This backup information can quickly add up and eat hard drive space.

Whether you use Internet Explorer, Netscape, or one of the many other browsers available, emptying out your cache is quick and easy. Simply follow the instructions in the Help files located within those programs. You may also wish to set a specific maximum file size for your cache folder, so that it is not allowed to run rampant.

4. Empty your mail programs of clutter.

It's easy to browse through your email and leave old messages there, promising yourself you'll sort them out later. One or two messages don't take up much space, but hundreds certainly do. Take the time to sort through these old emails now and delete what is not important. Create folders and organize what is left. Make it a habit that when new emails come in, they are either filed immediately or thrown away. Set your email program to empty your deleted items folder each time you close your mail program.

5. Empty your recycle bin.

Once you've emptied your drive of cluttering, unnecessary programs; empty your recycle bin to remove what has been placed there in the process.

6. Scandisk and Defrag.

When Windows installs programs, it will put the files it needs anywhere that it finds free space, and not directly after the last program installed. As a result, your hard drive has patches of empty space on it that are not big enough to fit a full program, and will result in a drive space error if you attempt to install something new. Scandisk your drive to check for lost file fragments and to fix any errors it finds, then Defrag to pack all of the program files together at the beginning of your drive. This will clear out those empty patches and move all of the free space you've just created to the end of your drive.

Now that you've got it clean, keep it that way. Perform this quick maintenance routine every week. For your work computer, Friday afternoon before you leave for the weekend is the perfect time. When you return to work on Monday, you'll have a computer that is clutter-free and as responsive as it should be.

Organize your surfing habits. Direct all of your downloads to the same folder, so that you can easily find them and delete them when necessary, or move them to zip disks for storage. Keep track of the programs that you install. For trial versions, note the date that they will expire on a calendar. This will remind you to uninstall the programs that you can no longer use rather than allowing them to clutter up your drive. Also, if you run into problems, keeping track of new downloaded and installed programs and the date they were installed can help you track down the cause of problems.

Remember that the cleaner your hard drive is, the better your machine will respond! In order for your computer to be user friendly, it must have a friendly user. Be your computer's best friend and clean out the cobwebs regularly.

How to make your Desktop Icons Transparent

Go to Control Panel
> System,
> Advanced
> Performance area
> Settings button Visual Effects tab "Use drop shadows for icon labels on the Desktop"

How to make your Desktop Icons Transparent

Go to Control Panel
> System,
> Advanced
> Performance area
> Settings button Visual Effects tab "Use drop shadows for icon labels on the Desktop"

Increasing The Life Of Hard Disk

Taking Care of your hard disk is important because this is the place where all the data is stored and once the hard disk crashes, data in most cases is not recoverable. There are data recovery softwares and programs which recover data from crashed hard disks but that is not for normal computer users.


But why do hard disks crash and what can be done to prevent them from crashing?. At the same time how can a hard disk be made more efficient? Here are the answers.

Hard disks crash due to many reasons. Voltage fluctuations, physical impact, improper alignment and of course mechanical failure due to wear and tear of internal parts. Let us start one by one and get the answers to the above problems.


1. Voltage fluctuations or spikes as they are called can be prevented by using voltage stabilizers or spike guards. This will limit the damage to the hard disk to a great extent.

2. Physical impact can be prevented by handling the hard disk carefully when installing/ re-installing. When installing the hard disk care should be taken to see that it sits perfectly horizontal and that it does not vibrate or shake once the computer is started.


3. The natural wear and tear of parts can be limited by defragmenting your hard disk from time to time.But what is defragmentation? All newly created files are stored in various places on the hard disk in a single cluster ( contiguous file ). But, as the number of files and programs increase, these files are not stored as one contiguous file but broken down and scattered in various places on the hard disk. In short files get fragmented. When these files are accessed by the user, the head on the hard disk moves to and fro to locate these fragments. These fragmented files puts lot of mechanical pressure on the internal parts of the hard disk. This leads to crashes. To start disk defragmenter from the start menu, click the start button and follow this path (All Programs / Accessories / System Tools / Disk Defragmenter). A minimum of 15 percent free space on your disk is needed for disk defragmenter to run. The disk can also be defragmented automatically by using schedule task. This program can can be accessed via system tools.


4. Power management tool can also be used to enhance the life of hard disk. To access this program go to start / control panel / power options and set the parameters for various hardware devices.

5. Disk cleanup increases the efficiency of the hard disk. So delete unwanted files and programs regularly.


Follow the above rules to increase the life of you hard disk.

Increasing The Life Of Hard Disk

Taking Care of your hard disk is important because this is the place where all the data is stored and once the hard disk crashes, data in most cases is not recoverable. There are data recovery softwares and programs which recover data from crashed hard disks but that is not for normal computer users.


But why do hard disks crash and what can be done to prevent them from crashing?. At the same time how can a hard disk be made more efficient? Here are the answers.

Hard disks crash due to many reasons. Voltage fluctuations, physical impact, improper alignment and of course mechanical failure due to wear and tear of internal parts. Let us start one by one and get the answers to the above problems.


1. Voltage fluctuations or spikes as they are called can be prevented by using voltage stabilizers or spike guards. This will limit the damage to the hard disk to a great extent.

2. Physical impact can be prevented by handling the hard disk carefully when installing/ re-installing. When installing the hard disk care should be taken to see that it sits perfectly horizontal and that it does not vibrate or shake once the computer is started.


3. The natural wear and tear of parts can be limited by defragmenting your hard disk from time to time.But what is defragmentation? All newly created files are stored in various places on the hard disk in a single cluster ( contiguous file ). But, as the number of files and programs increase, these files are not stored as one contiguous file but broken down and scattered in various places on the hard disk. In short files get fragmented. When these files are accessed by the user, the head on the hard disk moves to and fro to locate these fragments. These fragmented files puts lot of mechanical pressure on the internal parts of the hard disk. This leads to crashes. To start disk defragmenter from the start menu, click the start button and follow this path (All Programs / Accessories / System Tools / Disk Defragmenter). A minimum of 15 percent free space on your disk is needed for disk defragmenter to run. The disk can also be defragmented automatically by using schedule task. This program can can be accessed via system tools.


4. Power management tool can also be used to enhance the life of hard disk. To access this program go to start / control panel / power options and set the parameters for various hardware devices.

5. Disk cleanup increases the efficiency of the hard disk. So delete unwanted files and programs regularly.


Follow the above rules to increase the life of you hard disk.

Block websites without any software

Steps

1] Browse C:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc

2] Find the file named "HOSTS"

3] Open it in notepad

4] Under "127.0.0.1 localhost" Add 127.0.0.2 www.orkut.com , and that site will no longer be accessable.

5] Done!


example :

127.0.0.1 localhost

127.0.0.2 www.orkut.com-


www.orkut.com is now unaccessable


For every site after that you want to add, just add "1" to the last number in the internal ip (127.0.0.2) and then the addy like before.


ie:

127.0.0.3 www.yahoo.com

127.0.0.4 www.msn.com

127.0.0.5 www.google.com


This also works with banner sites, just find the host name of the server with the banners and do the same thing with that addy.

Hope this small tutorial could keep you going in simple way of blocking websites..

Change the Browser Title

This tweak Customize the Title of the Internet Explorer.


1. Click Start > Run > Type gpedit.msc
2. Click User Configuration > Windows Setting > Internet Explorer Maintenance > Browser User Interface
3. Double click on Browser Title
4. Click on Customize Title Bars
5. type in whatever you want
6. Click OK

How To Speed Up Internet Explorer

Edit your link to start Internet Explorer to have -nohome after it.
For Example: "C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\IEXPLORE.EXE" -nohome

This will load internet explorer very fast because it does not load a webpage while it is loading. If you want to go to your homepage after it is loaded, just click on the home button.

Start Movie in Paint

* First start a movie in any player.

* Then open Paint.

* Now, in the player when the movie is being played, press "Print screen" button on your key board.

* Now, Press CTRL+V in Paint

* Leave the movie player open and don't minimize it.

* Open Paint now and see the movie in the Paint!

That's Done !!!

Change ur Processor Name

Trick - Show ur PC Pentium 5 or More

Go To Start>Run>Type Regedit>Hkey_Local_Machine>Hardware>Discription>
System>Central Processor>

On Right Hand Side Right Click On Processor name string And Then Write Anything U Want In That Textbox.

Remove or Hide Windows Live Messenger Tabs

In Windows Live Messenger ( formerly known as MSN Messenger 8 ), there is product and service tabs (buttons) that are located on the left side of the main Windows Live Messenger window. To hide or remove the tabs:

1. Go to Tools.
2. Go to Options.
3. Click on Tabs on the left column.
4. Check (select) the Hide Tabs box.
5. Press OK or Apply.

You will now see a clean Windows Live Messenger window without the tabs buttons.

Disable Alert Settings!

Disable Alert Settings for automatic Updates, Firewall & Virus Protection:

You can disable all the above alerts by this trick.
* Click Start, then go to Control Panel.

* Look for Security Center & Click on it.

* Windows Security Center Page will be displayed. On Left side there is a RESOURCES tab.

* Click on the last one that is "Change the way Security Center Alerts me".

* At last, just uncheck automatic Updates, Firewall & Virus Protection.

You just poured hours upon hours into a lengthy research paper. All that’s left to do is print it out. And that’s the easy part, right? Sure looks eas

You just poured hours upon hours into a lengthy research paper. All that’s left to do is print it out. And that’s the easy part, right? Sure looks easy from the user perspective, but it’s actually quite complicated. A series of critical processes kick off as soon as you kit the OK button.

The first thing that happens is your software application (MS Word, Excel, etc) sends the data you want to print to your printer driver. The printer driver is nothing more than some software that translates data into a format that your specific printer can understand. When you buy a new printer, it generally comes with a CD. On that CD is the printer driver software you need to enable your specific printer to talk to your computer.

The printer driver takes the translated data and physically sends it along to your printer. It’s able to connect to the printer via the USM connection interface. Much of the data received by the printer goes directly into the printer buffer, where it is stored. By storing the data within the printer itself you’re able to finish the print job quickly.

If you just turned your printer on for the first time in a while or if the printer has been standing idle for a while, the printer will run through a series of diagnostic tests. Some of these tests check he availability of ink, while others clean the print heads.

Once this preprinting step completes, your printer brain sends a message to the paper stepper motor telling it to engage the rollers and feed paper into the printer body. As the paper is being fed into the machine, the belt pulls the print head into “ready” position. When the paper is perfectly positioned, the print head goes to town, firing droplets of ink at the paper. With incredible speed and accuracy, the print head travels back and forth across the page spewing colors. When it reaches the end of the page, the stepper is quickly engaged, advancing the paper forward. This process continues until the print job is complete.